Retinal Assistant Module Blog

A 68 years old lady systematically free presented with symptoms of distorted vision three months ago on her left with BCVA counting fingers and BCVA in the right eye is 20/20. Clinical examination of her left eye shows the anterior and posterior segment unremarkable. In contrast, in her right eye, the anterior segment exam is unremarkable. Her fundus exam shows myopic changes with completed posterior PVD abnormal foveal reflex. Fundus image Fundus colored photograph shows myopic changes of the posterior pole with macular hole formation and yellow deposits. Fundus image showing full-thickness macular hole  Optical coherence tomography OCT scan shows an absence of operculum along with complete posterior vitreous detachment. OCT features full-thickness foveal defect with increased thickness of surrounding tissue with the cystic formation and some RPE deposits the width of the hole is 732 microns while the height is 522 microns. OCT cross-section showing stage four full-thickness macul...

A young 12 years old boy referred to me for reduced vision in his left eye (Vision 20/320). His fundus exam shows chorioretinal atrophy circulating the optic nerve with glossy wrinkles of the inner retinal tissue at the macula and macular hole formation adjacent to full-thickness macular tissue loss and chorioretinal atrophy and yellow deposits. The other eye exam is normal; however patient denies any systemic nor traumatic history  Traumatic macular hole Optical coherence tomography  The OCT scan shows a full-thickness retinal macular hole (530 microns) with pseudo cystic changes more prominent on the temporal side; however, there is RPE atrophy nasal side adjacent to the optic disc. OCT of Traumatic macular hole Diagnosis  is a traumatic macular hole Pathogenesis Pathogenesis, in contrast to idiopathic macula hole vitreous macular traction, is not involved in the mechanism of hole formation. It is caused by anterior, posterior globe flattening, which induces perpen...